Understanding the internal mechanisms of neural networks through circuit analysis, feature visualization, and mechanistic interpretability.

Training AI systems from human feedback using reinforcement learning, direct preference optimization, and reward modeling.

AI governance principles, value alignment through constitutions, fairness, bias mitigation, and ethical AI deployment.

Adversarial testing of AI systems, jailbreaking research, prompt injection defense, and robustness evaluation.

Evaluation methodology for AI systems, benchmark design, capability measurement, and safety evaluations.

Theoretical foundations of alignment, scalable oversight mechanisms, debate protocols, and iterated amplification.

Power-law relationships in model scaling, emergent capabilities at scale, and compute-optimal training.

Chain-of-thought prompting, mathematical reasoning, logical inference, and step-by-step problem solving in LLMs.

AI-driven code generation, program synthesis, automated debugging, and software engineering with LLMs.

LLM-based autonomous agents, tool-augmented language models, function calling, and agentic workflows.

Models that process and generate across multiple modalities: vision-language, audio-text, and unified multimodal architectures.

Internal world models for prediction, model-based planning, simulation, and environment modeling in AI systems.

Efficient training methods, optimizer design, learning rate schedules, mixed precision, and gradient techniques.

Model compression, quantization, pruning, distillation, and efficient inference for deployment.

Distributed training, model parallelism, AI accelerator design, and large-scale compute infrastructure.

Training data quality, synthetic data generation, data filtering, deduplication, and dataset construction.

Novel neural network architectures including transformer variants, state space models, mixture of experts, and attention mechanisms.

Open-weight model releases, reproducibility, model licensing, and community-driven AI development.

Robot learning, embodied agents, manipulation, locomotion, and sim-to-real transfer with foundation models.

AI for scientific research, protein structure prediction, drug discovery, materials science, and climate modeling.

Text understanding, generation, summarization, translation, information extraction, and linguistic analysis.

Image recognition, object detection, segmentation, video understanding, and visual generation.

Speech recognition, text-to-speech, audio generation, music AI, and spoken language understanding.

Search systems, recommendation engines, retrieval-augmented generation, dense retrieval, and ranking models.