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The paper introduces TRACE-Bot, a dual-channel framework for detecting LLM-driven social bots by jointly modeling implicit semantic representations and AIGC-enhanced behavioral patterns. It leverages a pre-trained language model for linguistic analysis and multidimensional activity features augmented with AIGC detection signals for behavioral analysis. Experiments on two public datasets show that TRACE-Bot achieves state-of-the-art performance in detecting LLM-driven social bots, with accuracies of 98.46% and 97.50%, and demonstrates robustness against advanced bot strategies.
TRACE-Bot achieves near-perfect accuracy (98.5%) in detecting LLM-driven social bots by combining linguistic and behavioral analysis, even when bots employ advanced evasion tactics.
Large Language Model-driven (LLM-driven) social bots pose a growing threat to online discourse by generating human-like content that evades conventional detection. Existing methods suffer from limited detection accuracy due to overreliance on single-modality signals, insufficient sensitivity to the specific generative patterns of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC), and a failure to adequately model the interplay between linguistic patterns and behavioral dynamics. To address these limitations, we propose TRACE-Bot, a unified dual-channel framework that jointly models implicit semantic representations and AIGC-enhanced behavioral patterns. TRACE-Bot constructs fine-grained representations from heterogeneous sources, including personal information data, interaction behavior data and tweet data. A dual-channel architecture captures linguistic representations via a pretrained language model and behavioral irregularities via multidimensional activity features augmented with signals from state-of-the-art (SOTA) AIGC detectors. The fused representations are then classified through a lightweight prediction head. Experiments on two public LLM-driven social bot datasets demonstrate SOTA performance, achieving accuracies of 98.46% and 97.50%, respectively. The results further indicate strong robustness against advanced bot strategies, highlighting the effectiveness of jointly leveraging implicit semantic representations and AIGC-enhanced behavioral patterns for emerging LLM-driven social bot detection.
