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This paper refines the Judd-Ofelt theory to more accurately model the luminescence properties of Pr3+ doped materials, specifically YAG, by relaxing selection rules and accounting for the 4f5d electronic configuration. By re-examining Pr3+:YAG, the extended model achieves better agreement between calculated and measured absorption intensities, particularly for the hypersensitive 3H4 → 3P2 transition. The improved model and experimental data suggest potential for enhanced laser performance at several wavelengths, including 488 nm, 616 nm, 744 nm, 566 nm, and 931 nm.
Forget standard models: a refined Judd-Ofelt theory unlocks more accurate predictions of Pr3+ luminescence, revealing pathways to boost laser performance across multiple wavelengths.
We show in this article the improvements which can be obtained in the description of the luminescence properties of Pr3+ doped materials by using an extension of the Judd-Ofelt theory in order to relax some strong selection rules and approximations of the standard formalism and to better account for the influence of the 4f5d excited electronic configuration. The demonstration is made by re-examining the case of Pr3+:YAG, a well known luminescent and laser crystal with a very low energy 4f5d absorption band. Our extension thus provides a better agreement between calculated and measured absorption intensities, especially for the hypersensitive 3 H4 $\rightarrow$ 3 P2 transition. A comparison is made with the results obtained in the case of Pr3+:ZBLAN, a laser fluoride glass with much higher 4f5d absorption levels. Our investigation also gives the opportunity, in the case of Pr3+:YAG, to provide more complete and more reliable absorption and emission data than reported in the past literature and to exploit these data to better address the question of laser operation at various emission wavelengths. It is thus demonstrated that laser operation should be possible with improved laser performance at 488 nm, 616 nm and 744 nm, as it was already achieved in the past, but also at 566 nm and 931 nm by using appropriate laser cavities and laser mirrors.
