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This paper introduces Nurture-First Development (NFD), a new paradigm for building domain-expert AI agents that emphasizes iterative growth through conversational interaction with domain practitioners. NFD uses a Knowledge Crystallization Cycle to consolidate fragmented knowledge from operational dialogues into structured, reusable knowledge assets, organized within a Three-Layer Cognitive Architecture. A case study demonstrates NFD's effectiveness in creating a financial research agent for U.S. equity analysis, showcasing its potential for human-agent co-evolution.
Forget rigid pipelines and static prompts: Nurture-First Development lets domain experts grow AI agents through conversation, turning tacit knowledge into reusable assets.
The emergence of large language model (LLM)-based agent frameworks has shifted the primary challenge in building domain-expert AI agents from raw capability to effective encoding of domain expertise. Two dominant paradigms -- code-first development, which embeds expertise in deterministic pipelines, and prompt-first development, which captures expertise in static system prompts -- both treat agent construction as a discrete engineering phase preceding deployment. We argue that this sequential assumption creates a fundamental mismatch with the nature of domain expertise, which is substantially tacit, deeply personal, and continuously evolving. We propose Nurture-First Development (NFD), a paradigm in which agents are initialized with minimal scaffolding and progressively grown through structured conversational interaction with domain practitioners. The central mechanism is the Knowledge Crystallization Cycle, whereby fragmented knowledge embedded in operational dialogue is periodically consolidated into structured, reusable knowledge assets. We formalize NFD through: (1) a Three-Layer Cognitive Architecture organizing agent knowledge by volatility and personalization degree; (2) the Knowledge Crystallization Cycle with formal definitions of crystallization operations and efficiency metrics; and (3) an operational framework comprising a Dual-Workspace Pattern and Spiral Development Model. We illustrate the paradigm through a detailed case study on building a financial research agent for U.S. equity analysis and discuss the conditions, limitations, and broader implications of NFD for human-agent co-evolution.
