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This study introduces WDANet, a frequency-aware forecasting framework designed to enhance short-term typhoon gust predictions by effectively separating long-term trends from rapid local fluctuations. By employing stationary wavelet decomposition and a dual-branch encoder-decoder architecture, WDANet significantly outperforms existing models, particularly within the first 6 hours of forecasting. The results indicate that WDANet not only achieves superior accuracy compared to ECMWF-HRES but also excels in capturing gust peaks during extreme wind events, underscoring its practical applications in offshore wind power operations and disaster risk management.
WDANet outperforms traditional forecasting models by accurately predicting gust peaks during typhoons, crucial for timely disaster response.
Accurate gust forecasting under typhoon conditions remains challenging due to the highly non-stationary and multi-scale characteristics of extreme wind fluctuations. Existing deep learning models often struggle to simultaneously capture long-term trends and rapid local variations, resulting in degraded performance during extreme events. We propose WDANet, a frequency-aware forecasting framework that integrates stationary wavelet decomposition, a Feature-wise Linear Modulation (FiLM) strategy, and a dual-branch encoder-decoder architecture, enabling separate modeling of trend and fluctuation components. Taking the offshore regions of the Western Pacific in China as an example, we conduct fine-grid wind gust prediction research. The results demonstrate that WDANet shows advantages for short lead times under the experimental setting across a 24-h forecasting horizon and achieves higher prediction accuracy than ECMWF-HRES within the first 6 h. During extreme wind events, WDANet more accurately captures gust peaks and attains the best RMSE and MAE performance. These results highlight its potential for offshore wind power operation, disaster warning, and risk mitigation.
