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This paper introduces AgentTrails, a system designed to enhance the understanding and reuse of LLM-powered agents' actions by converting their raw trajectories into structured provenance graphs. By modeling tool calls as computational actions and representing inputs and outputs as data artifacts, AgentTrails enables developers to visualize and compare multiple execution paths, revealing hidden dependencies and recurring patterns. The results demonstrate that AgentTrails significantly improves the ability to analyze agent behavior and facilitates debugging and skill abstraction in complex tasks.
AgentTrails uncovers hidden dependencies in agent trajectories, enabling unprecedented insights into LLM-powered task execution.
LLM-powered agents increasingly tackle complex tasks by invoking tools, querying databases, executing code, and manipulating intermediate artifacts. These agents follow trajectories that are typically stored as chronological logs, obscuring the underlying dataflow -- the dependencies between their actions and the artifacts they create and manipulate. This limits developers'ability to understand the agents'trails, compare executions, debug failures, and re-use the computations. We present AgentTrails, a prototype system for agent provenance and sensemaking. AgentTrails converts raw trajectories into structured provenance graphs, where tool calls are modeled as computational actions and inputs and outputs as data artifacts. The system supports the comparison of executions by placing multiple provenance graphs on a shared canvas and constructing a joined quotient graph that aligns recurring tools, artifacts, and dependency structures across trajectories. On top of this representation, AgentTrails supports pattern extraction, downstream analysis, and skill abstraction. We demonstrate AgentTrails on real-world agent trajectories, showing that it reveals hidden dependencies, aligns divergent executions, and surfaces recurring tool-use patterns beyond chronological logs.