AI-Enabled Surveillance and Modelling for Counterfeit Botulinum Toxin A: Risk Projection, Patient Safety, and Systemic Reform of Pharmacovigilance.

The BoNT-A Risk Burden Index offers a predictive, patient-centred tool to detect and mitigate counterfeit exposures before widespread harm occurs and demonstrates the feasibility and urgency of AI-driven pharmacovigilance in aesthetic medicine.