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This paper introduces a hardware-enforced semantic coordination architecture that utilizes field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) to implement coordination semantics for safety-critical real-time autonomous systems. By mapping Topic-Based Communication Space Petri Net (TB-CSPN) mechanisms onto FPGA primitives, the approach ensures deterministic coordination and enforceable safety guarantees, addressing the limitations of software-mediated coordination in high-stakes environments. The key finding is that this architecture enables bounded latency and semantic gating while allowing adaptive software-driven semantic reasoning, thus enhancing the reliability of complex autonomous systems operating under uncertainty.
Hardware-level coordination can ensure safety and determinism in real-time autonomous systems, overcoming the limitations of software-mediated approaches.
Recent advances in agentic AI are producing increasingly complex autonomous systems that integrate large language models, world models, optimization engines, specialized neural architectures, autonomous platforms, and human operators. While much current research focuses on improving reasoning capabilities, safety-critical real-time deployment also requires bounded and verifiable coordination among heterogeneous components operating concurrently under uncertainty. Software-mediated coordination presents fundamental limitations in domains where bounded latency, deterministic coordination, and enforceable safety guarantees are essential. Hence, we propose a hardware-enforced semantic coordination architecture in which selected coordination semantics are implemented directly at the hardware level via field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The approach builds on the Topic-Based Communication Space Petri Net (TB-CSPN) framework, which separates semantic reasoning from interaction management. In this approach, selected TB-CSPN coordination mechanisms are mapped onto FPGA primitives, creating a hardware-native semantic coordination layer. Focus is not on acceleration, but on enforcing temporal synchronization, semantic gating, authorization constraints, and bounded coordination behavior directly in hardware. Semantic reasoning remains adaptive and software-driven, while embedded coordination semantics become deterministic.
