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This study investigated a novel chitosan/gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol (CS/GEL/PVA) nanocomposite incorporating chrysin-loaded cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2@Chry) as a wound dressing. In vitro studies demonstrated biocompatibility and enhanced fibroblast proliferation and migration, while in vivo murine excisional wound models showed accelerated wound closure, improved tissue regeneration, and reduced inflammation compared to controls. The nanocomposite demonstrates potential as a biocompatible, multifunctional wound dressing for managing acute and chronic skin injuries.
A chrysin-loaded cerium oxide nanoparticle-enhanced chitosan/gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol nanocomposite shows promise as a wound dressing, demonstrating accelerated wound healing in a murine model.
Chronic and infected wounds remain a significant clinical challenge, requiring advanced therapeutic strategies to accelerate repair and improve outcomes. This study developed a chitosan/gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol (CS/GEL/PVA) nanocomposite incorporating chrysin-loaded cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2@Chry) to connect their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative properties for enhanced wound healing. CeO2 nanoparticles were synthesized via a green method, loaded with chrysin, and embedded into a polymeric matrix to form a stable, transparent, and flexible dry film. Physicochemical characterization revealed uniform morphology, high swelling capacity (∼80%), and strong structural integrity. Hemolysis assays confirmed excellent hemocompatibility, and MTT-based cytotoxicity tests on human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) and murine fibroblasts (L929) demonstrated good biocompatibility up to 500 µg/mL. Proliferation and scratch assays indicated dose-dependent stimulation of fibroblast growth and migration, with the 1 mg/mL formulation exhibiting the greatest effect. Notably, treatment significantly upregulated Col1 gene expression, indicating potential in promoting extracellular matrix synthesis. In vivo evaluation using a murine excisional wound model demonstrated accelerated wound closure, improved tissue regeneration, enhanced angiogenesis, complete re-epithelialization, and reduced inflammation in CeO2@Chry-treated wounds compared to controls. These findings suggest that the CS/GEL/PVA/CeO2@Chry nanocomposite is a biocompatible, multifunctional wound dressing with strong potential for managing both acute and chronic skin injuries. Its combined antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and pro-regenerative actions make it a promising candidate for clinical translation in advanced wound care.
