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This study explores the effectiveness of tight-frame cardioid microphone arrays for estimating the direction of acoustic intensity across a broad frequency range. By measuring impulse responses at various microphone positions and analyzing configurations with different spacings, the authors found that a 24-microphone setup with shorter spacing yielded superior accuracy in direction estimation. The results highlight the potential for precise broadband acoustic-intensity direction estimation, even in complex environments with multiple sound sources.
Achieving accurate direction estimation of acoustic intensity from 50 Hz to 20 kHz using tightly arranged cardioid microphone arrays could revolutionize sound localization in noisy environments.
This study experimentally investigates source-direction estimation from acoustic intensity using paired cardioid microphones, with particular emphasis on well-balanced arrangements known as tight frames. Impulse responses were measured at 6 or 24 microphone positions, and two opposed-pair spacings were examined. The resulting arrays were evaluated for a single source, coherent interference between waves arriving from two orthogonal directions, and directional tracking in the presence of interfering waves from multiple directions. The results demonstrate broadband acoustic-intensity direction estimation from 50 Hz to 20 kHz, with the 24-microphone arrangement and the shorter spacing generally providing smaller errors.
