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The paper introduces TaSR-RAG, a novel retrieval-augmented generation framework that leverages a taxonomy-guided structured reasoning approach for improved evidence selection. TaSR-RAG decomposes complex questions into ordered sequences of triple sub-queries, using a two-level taxonomy to constrain entity semantics and perform step-wise evidence selection via hybrid triple matching. Experiments on multi-hop QA benchmarks demonstrate that TaSR-RAG outperforms existing RAG and structured-RAG baselines by up to 14% while providing clearer evidence attribution.
Forget brittle multi-hop reasoning: TaSR-RAG's taxonomy-guided triple matching boosts RAG performance by 14% without costly graph construction.
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) helps large language models (LLMs) answer knowledge-intensive and time-sensitive questions by conditioning generation on external evidence. However, most RAG systems still retrieve unstructured chunks and rely on one-shot generation, which often yields redundant context, low information density, and brittle multi-hop reasoning. While structured RAG pipelines can improve grounding, they typically require costly and error-prone graph construction or impose rigid entity-centric structures that do not align with the query's reasoning chain. We propose \textsc{TaSR-RAG}, a taxonomy-guided structured reasoning framework for evidence selection. We represent both queries and documents as relational triples, and constrain entity semantics with a lightweight two-level taxonomy to balance generalization and precision. Given a complex question, \textsc{TaSR-RAG} decomposes it into an ordered sequence of triple sub-queries with explicit latent variables, then performs step-wise evidence selection via hybrid triple matching that combines semantic similarity over raw triples with structural consistency over typed triples. By maintaining an explicit entity binding table across steps, \textsc{TaSR-RAG} resolves intermediate variables and reduces entity conflation without explicit graph construction or exhaustive search. Experiments on multiple multi-hop question answering benchmarks show that \textsc{TaSR-RAG} consistently outperforms strong RAG and structured-RAG baselines by up to 14\%, while producing clearer evidence attribution and more faithful reasoning traces.
