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This narrative review examines the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus in periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) following total hip and knee arthroplasty, focusing on biofilm formation and resistance mechanisms. It highlights the challenges in diagnosis and treatment of S. aureus PJIs, which are a leading cause of arthroplasty failure. The review also discusses potential novel treatment strategies like copper-coated implants.
Understanding the pathogenesis of S. aureus PJIs, particularly biofilm formation, is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies in total joint arthroplasty.
Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen in periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs), capable of biofilm formation and resistance mechanisms, complicating diagnosis and treatment. PJIs remain a leading cause of total joint arthroplasty failure and are associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare and economic burdens. Biofilm formation by S. aureus on prosthetic materials is central to PJI persistence and antibiotic resistance. Novel treatment strategies, including copper-coated implants, show promise as adjunct therapies but require further clinical validation.
