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This paper presents a multivocal literature review (MLR) analyzing the convergence of Zero Trust (ZT) and Internet of Things (IoT) security, synthesizing insights from 68 academic and 36 industrial studies. The review identifies a divergence in focus, with academia emphasizing IoT modifications for ZT compliance and industry prioritizing integration within existing ZT frameworks. Key research gaps are highlighted in socio-technical understanding, cost-benefit evaluation, and interdisciplinary collaboration, providing a roadmap for future research.
Academia and industry are talking past each other on Zero Trust IoT security, creating critical research gaps that could leave real-world deployments vulnerable.
The convergence of Internet of Things (IoT) security and Zero Trust (ZT) principles is a trending topic, demanding a comprehensive, multi-perspective analysis. We present the first multivocal literature review (MLR) on this topic, combining 68 academic and 36 industrial studies. This comprehensive review identifies two complementary yet divergent perspectives: academia focuses on IoT compliance with ZT principles through IoT modifications, while industry prioritizes practical integration within existing ZT frameworks guided by NIST standards. The analysis reveals critical research gaps in socio-technical understanding, cost-benefit evaluation, and interdisciplinary collaboration, highlighting these as key directions for future research.