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We investigate the geometrical confinement of magnetic domain walls (DWs) on 2D ferromagnetic nanotubes, demonstrating that transversal curvature intrinsically compresses DW width via an azimuthal exchange energy penalty derived from a Heisenberg model. This analytical framework accurately predicts results from atomistic LLG spin dynamics simulations, which further reveal bound states of interacting DWs in realistic CrSBr nanotubes due to competing dipolar and exchange forces. The study establishes vdW magnetic nanotubes as promising platforms for stable domain confinement in quasi-1D spintronic devices.
Cylindrical confinement of 2D ferromagnets naturally compresses domain walls, enabling stable quasi-1D spintronic architectures.
The rolling of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic monolayers into cylindrical architectures provides an ideal platform for confining magnetic domain walls (DWs) without edge-pinning effects. Here, we present a combined analytical and numerical investigation of DW confinement and interaction in ferromagnetic (FM) nanotubes. Using an analytical Heisenberg model on a 2D rectangular lattice, we show that transversal curvature introduces an azimuthal exchange energy penalty that intrinsically compresses the DW width. This model demonstrates excellent quantitative agreement with atomistic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) spin dynamics simulations. By extending our study to realistic CrSBr (CSB) nanotubes, we model a bound state of two interacting DWs arising from a balance between long-range dipolar attraction and short-range exchange repulsion. Micromagnetic simulations reveal a non-monotonic evolution of the inter-wall distance with the tube perimeter. These findings highlight vdW magnetic nanotubes as robust platforms for stable domain confinement in quasi-one-dimensional spintronic architectures.