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Global warming is a major concern worldwide, as it poses significant threats to ecosystems and economies. In this study, we employed the Biomod2 ensemble model to compare the differences in species distribution predictions derived from two distinct data sources, to evaluate the respective influence of each environmental variable, and to characterize the future shifts in suitable habitats of Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky, 1853) across climatic zones in China under climate change scenarios. The results indicated that the Biomod2 model exhibited high accuracy and reliability for both the specimen dataset (sourced from GBIF and iNaturalist) and the scientific survey dataset (sourced from field surveys and published papers), with AUC values of 0.95 and 0.94, and TSS values of 0.77 and 0.81, respectively. Among the seven selected environmental factors, bio1 (annual mean temperature) was the most influential for both data sources, contributing 32.1% and 41.9%, respectively, while the contributions and importance ranking of the remaining factors to the model results differed. Altitude had a relatively large impact on the specimen dataset, accounting for 21.1%, whereas bio12 (annual precipitation) had a greater influence on the scientific survey dataset, contributing 25.7%. Under current climatic conditions, the suitable habitats of A. glabripennis are mainly concentrated in the warm temperate humid and sub-humid regions of northern China, as well as the subtropical humid regions of central and southern China. Under future climate scenarios, the suitable habitats of A. labripennis showed a trend of northward shift, and the most important contributing environmental factor was bio15 (Precipitation Seasonality). This study maps the distribution of potentially suitable habitats for A. glabripennis and its response to future climate change across climatic zones, providing a reference for the formulation of prevention and control strategies for A. glabripennis.